Investigating Enzyme Activity :: Papers

Investigating Enzyme Activity PLANNING AIM === The aim of this experiment is to see how changing the concentration of Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) affects the rate of reaction of the enzyme Catalase. The reaction I am looking at is the breakdown of Hydrogen Peroxide into water and oxygen by the enzyme Catalase. The equation for this reaction is: 2H2O2 Ã   2H2O + O2 FACTORS ------- In this experiment I could change the following factors: Concentration of the Hydrogen Peroxide or Catalase, the time, the temperature and the Ph of the solutions. SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE (See appendix 1) PREDICTION ---------- My prediction is that the higher the concentration of Hydrogen Peroxide, the greater the amount of oxygen given off will be within a period of time. The lower the concentration of Hydrogen Peroxide the amount of oxygen given off will be less than if it was at a higher concentration. I think this because there are more particles in a substance to collide and react at a higher concentration. VARIABLES I am not going to change anything other than the concentration of the Hydrogen Peroxide. The concentration of the Catalase enzyme, the temperature of the laboratory and the Ph of the solutions will remain constant. EQUIPMENT Hydrogen Peroxide (concentration - 0.5 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5% and 3.0%) Safety Catalase Water trough, Burette, Stop clock, Delivery tube, Clamp stand, Conical flask, Syringe, Pipette Glasses/goggles, PROCEDURE 1. I will take the equipment drawn and set it up as shown. *(appendix 2) 2. I will fill the burette and water trough with water. 3. Using a measuring cylinder, I will put 10ml of Hydrogen Peroxide in the conical flask connected to the delivery tube. 4. Trying to prevent water from escaping, I shall turn the burette upside down and clamp it to the stand with the bottom of the burette in the water trough and feed the delivery tube through the burette.

Kite Runner Essay

In The Kite Runner, there are many examples of cruelty towards either the characters or their race as a whole. Two examples of cruelty include when the Afghanistan soldiers pick on Hassan, and one of them states that he has had sex with Hassans’ mother, and the other example is Amir setting up Hassan for stealing, in order to get rid of him. In the first example, the soldiers refer to Hassan as â€Å"You! The Hazara! † The lack of a noun here, i. e. Hassan’s name, demonstrates that Hazaras are treated as second class citizens, and aren’t deserving of being called by name. This has the effect of making Hassan appear to be an outcast, and it makes the reader feel sympathy for him, at being treated so harshly. The use of the sexually suggestive hand gesture by the soldier, when he’s making fun of Hassan because he had sex with his mother, again backs up the idea of Hazara’s being second class citizens. The metaphor â€Å"what a tight little sugary cunt she had† is used in a derogatory sense to further emphasise the contempt which Hazara’s had to endure back in 1970 Afghanistan. This achieves the effect of making the reader feel indignant at how Hassan is being treated, and that it is completely unjustified and is basically an advanced form of bullying. When the soldiers address Hassan, one of them says â€Å"Look at me when I’m talking to you! †. This is an imperative sentence, as the soldier is ordering Hassan to look at him, instead of requesting that he does so. The soldier is being demanding due to the fact that he believes his race is the superior race in comparison to the Hazaras, and that Hazaras always have to obey orders given to them, without question. In the second example of cruelty, Amir wonders to himself â€Å"how and when I’d become capable of causing this type of pain† As this is told via a first person perspective, it really helps the reader to understand what Amir is feeling, which emphasises the sense of cruelty, as the character who has committed the cruelty himself realises what he has done. Also, as he is speaking the past tense, with the use of the word â€Å"When†, it suggests that he wants to know what changed him to be so cruel. The use of the simple sentence â€Å"That was when I understood the depth of the pain I had caused†, is a great way of displaying the cruelty which Amir has shown in setting Hassan up for stealing his watch and money, and the sentence after it â€Å"not even Ali’s paralysed face could mask his sorrow† ,also helps to show this. These two simple sentences suggest that Amir realises that there is no justifying what he has done, that all he feels is relentless guilt, and that there is no other way of evaluating his decision. In conclusion, these two examples are strong demonstrations of the cruelty displayed in the Kite Runner, as they cover racism, which is shown in the first example, and in the second example, the words used e. g. â€Å" depth of the pain I had caused† clearly display Amir’s feelings of cruelty at what he himself has done.

Rape - a Love Story - 617 Words

The book (that’s written by Joyce Carol Oates in mid-2000 and republished in 2005) kicks off by introducing the main characters Betty and Teena Mcguire. Teena was a vibrant woman in her early 30’s until a horrible incident struck her that would affect not only her family but the entire community. After being brutally raped by a gang of criminal teenagers who were high on drugs her daughter Betty was left with huge responsibilities, from taking care of her wounded mother to struggling for justice against the people who did her mother wrong. The case is led by a policeman that’s also a former military soldier named John Droomor; he was the man that found Teena lying naked and torn on the floor of the boathouse. The book consists of†¦show more content†¦Teena never fully recovered in the events of the book, she became a different kind of person never to be the same again. Teena’s daughter Betty also changed that night. She became tentative and didnà ¢â‚¬â„¢t want anybody to hurt her mother. She felt lost and confused by the court system and why her mother didn’t want to go to court. She had to adapt so that she could take care of her mother and make her feel a bit better every day. The character that changes the most during the book is Droomor. He feels a connection between him and Teena, and he also has a daughter of his own. When Droomor sees Teena lying in the boathouse he feels that he needs to protect her and get the people responsible. During the book Droomor changes more and more radically until he finally snaps and kills the suspects that raped Teena. He then hides the evidence so that nobody finds out that he was linked. Droomor then becomes a detective at the end. The book was interesting to me in a way because of the mature language and the gruesome way to describe the incidents and took place in the book, which was a first for me. Although the book became a bit tedious at times the story telling was still app ealing enough to keep me reading and wanting to find out what happens. I am not a big reader myself so just being able to get me to keep reading was an impressive feat of itsShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of the House of the Spirits by Isabel Allende1608 Words   |  7 Pagesunderstand the book from dissimilar perspectives. As the story unfolds, one can see the symbolism that occurs in many of the events. The story revolves around the different generations of the Del Valle family. Symbolism is used as a literary device in this book to apply ideas and images to explain something in particular. Symbolism provides meaning to the writing beyond what is actually being described. The plot and action that take place in this story can be thought of as one level, while the symbolismRead MorePower Of Language In Lolita816 Words   |  4 Pagesthe name of romantic love, and the submission the reader must undergo to the narrator and their ability to falsify story. First person narrations can prove a risk of the integrity of the true events, as the narrator has full capability to withhold information, exaggerate, belittle, and overall use the power of language to subdue the reader to perceive the story as they see fit. Once the reader begins the story under a characters narration, they are submissive to hear the story in which ever way theRead More The Death of Indian Culture Exposed in The Jewel In the Crown1315 Words   |  6 Pages      Ã‚   The Jewel in the Crown, by Paul Scott, is a postcolonial novel about the realism of the interracial love affair between Daphne Manners and Hari Kumar, the subsequent rape of Daphne Manners, and the after effects on British and Indian relations. At a time when British and Indian affairs were strained, at best, the rape of Miss Manners is significantly metaphoric of the British rape of Indian land and culture. British colonial sentiment became a primary influence in India, when the revolt ofRead MoreSleeping Beauty By Charles Perrault880 Words   |  4 Pagesand love. It has changed in order to fit social norms for the time and the context has been altered to appeal to the current audiences of that time. In the first edition of Sleeping Beauty written in 1697 by Charles Perrault â€Å"The sleeping Beauty in the wood†, is a tale of rape, adultery and cannibalism. Beauty is seen to be an innocent naà ¯ve young girl, not much of a change from modern times, however prince charming, is not quite charming but rather violent, not only a kiss occurs, but rape. Charming’sRead MoreLove In A Maze1658 Words   |  7 Pageswho wrote in the eighteenth century. She is best known for her novella called Fantomina: Or, Love in a Maze in 1724. In the Enlightenment era, â€Å"the number of women writers grew as they became increasingly important in publishing domestic novels, Gothic fiction, literary translations, and essays on the rights of women to education† and Haywood was one of them (Bird). Fantomina: Or, Love in a Maze, is a story of girl who is filled with desire and is given a little too much freedom and money to do asRead MoreBiblical Genealogy Is Important For Establishing Identity1360 Words   |  6 Pagesdefinition of rape, as defined by The American Heritage Dictionary, reads â€Å"a crime of forcing another person to submit to sexual intercourse is applicable to the situation.† While some interpretations show the marginalization of the action, others focus on the altercation as the climax of the narrative. A determination of the translation, significantly alters the understanding over whether or not she consented. Though this circumstance appears more of a current ‘hot issue’ than what the story may hav eRead MoreThe Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini977 Words   |  4 PagesAn example of this is when Amir is in America, he thinks back the life he had lived with Hassan. Staging Story takes place in Afghanistan in era of 70s during Russian invades Afghanistan and 90s when Taliban conquered. Characters †¢ Amir: Amir is the main character in the book. He is 12 years old kid from a middle-class family. He is trying to come closer to Baba. He enjoys writing a story. He is described as selfish because he hurts people who are around him. He pursues his dream of becoming aRead MoreDifferent Versions Of Sleeping Beauty Stretch From The Middle Of The Renaissance Period1106 Words   |  5 Pages Charles Perrault’s Sleeping Beauty in the Wood revises the tale, making it more children friendly and most similar to the Brother’s Grimm version familiar with many children. Common throughout these stories, the princess character’s helpless nature is romanticized, not to mention the popular story of a prince finding a sleeping princess and the two living happily ever. Despite this fairy tale’s popularity, the several versions of Sleeping Beauty endorse a submissive and powerless female by establishingRead MoreOvid the Metamorphoses Essay1275 Words   |  6 Pagesi n the story The Metamorphoses, by Ovid, as the poet tells of the god Jupiter destroying all man kind (except for Deucalion and Pyrrha) because of the actions of one, Lycaon. Ovid describes Jupiters destruction as an effort to protect all the gods who do not live in the heavens. However, Jupiters actions are not justified in any way presented in the book. In the story there are multiple cases where Jupiter and other gods cause danger and torment on the lower class of gods. Examples of rape, interventionRead MoreThe And Satire Of Voltaire s Candide Essay1540 Words   |  7 Pagesphilosopher of the Age of Enlightenment, Voltaire was Often in disagreement with French authorities because of his politically charged works, he was twice imprisoned and spent many years in exiles. 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Analysis Of The Poem Migrant Hostel - 1331 Words

Identity is moulded by a multitude of different sources, and this is demonstrated on personal, social, historical and cultural levels. The intricacy of the relationship depicted in Feliks Skrzynecki, between the narrator and his father presents a perspective on the author s personal identity. Post card illustrates the historical perception of identity, representing a disparity of identity between the narrator and his parents caused by a lack of presence in Warsaw. The perception of social identity is demonstrated in The Shipping News, where the main character, Quoyle is socially disabled and unable to conform to society. Cultural identity is shown in the poem Migrant Hostel, where the narrator explores the different perceptions of†¦show more content†¦The quote, Watching me peg my tents, Further and further south of Hadrian s Wall illustrates the above as well provides a reference for the irony that the poet is learning Latin instead of his native language, Polish. Feliks Sk rzynecki accurately portrays the perception of personal identity by drawing differences between the relationships of two characters on a personal level. Skrzynecki s Post card portrays a narrator who is a first generation immigrant, lamenting at the fact that he never experienced his place of origin, something which he believes, is integral to his heritage and historical identity. Throughout this poem, the poet is associated with a feeling of guilt as a result of his incomplete historical identity. This is shown by the tone of Warsaw, Old Town, I never knew you, except in third person. This is a symbol of the poet s disconnection to his heritage; that his information regarding his identity s history is not his own, but in fact inherited from the generations before him. Historical identity is also depicted through the differences between the poet s incomplete identity and his parent’s completeShow MoreRelatedFeliks Skrzynecki853 Words   |  4 Pagessense of belonging through traditions and vogues. 1. Feliks Skrzynecki is a poem about the authors (Peter Skrzyneckis’) stepfather. The poem demonstrates the strong feeling of belonging Peter feels with his family. However it also expresses the detachment Peter feels from his cultural heritage. This is shown in the lines ‘Remnants of a language I inherited unknowingly’. The use of first person (‘I’) through out the poem is used to show the perception that Peter has of his father, and how he always

Women s Liberty Through Literature - 1105 Words

Women’s Liberty Through Literature Kendall N. Player English 4 AP Literature Mrs. Johnson The role of women in society has been well documented through world literature. Works such as The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer, Hamlet by William Shakespeare,The Education of Women by Daniel Defoe, and A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen. These works come from a wide variety of time periods, they range from the middle ages to the modern era, where the first was published around 900 years before the last. Women make up approximately half of the population of the world, yet throughout literature approximately half the works written are nowhere close to how many were written by women. Even with such population, most works do not even focus on women. Few works dealt with the role of women in society throughout the history of literature but it has become more and more of a recurring theme as time past. Works like The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer and Hamlet by William Shakespeare were rare for their time for how they portray women characters. Works like The Education of Women by Daniel Defoe and A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen were wrote in a time of change and were not as rare as the other works published in the same time period. â€Å"Geoffrey Chaucer slams the role of women in his novel, The Canterbury Tales. Chaucer tells three stories told by women. Each of these women do not fully fulfill the images connected with the role the character is supposed toShow MoreRelatedEurope Witnessed Revolutions Essay786 Words   |  4 Pages Through out the course of the 19th century, Europe witnessed revolutions, radical political changes, and industrial advancements, which had an impact on shaping the art and culture of this time. By examining literature, art, and cultural changes of the 19th century, historians can provide a different perspective of the events that took place. At the start of the 19th century, Napoleon was defeated along with his militaristic agenda, and Europe now entered many new phases of social reform. IndustrializationRead MoreAnalysis Of Andy And Nora s Play Out If They Were From The 21st Century United States?1574 Words   |  7 Pagesin a time period where women have almost no rights to their finances or education. They are at the will of their husband or fathers who are the sole breadwinners for a family while the woman is expected to be the homemaker. Nora must literally beg for money to spend on herself later. â€Å"You might give me money Torvald. Only what you can spare; then I can buy myself something with it later† (Ibsen 6). The Dependency on the patriarch is almost the only means of a married women gaining financial leverageRead MoreThe Effect of Cultural and Historical Situations on American Literature 1173 Words   |  5 PagesProfessor Brattoli †American literature is almost always tied to historical an d social events of the era in which it was written.† There is a connection between literary works from different time periods. This connection is how history, current events and social events have impacted American Literature. Literary works and writing styles have been affected and influence by the world around us. This is seen in many of the works assigned forRead MoreCivil Liberties and Civil Rights Essay1296 Words   |  6 PagesCivil Liberties (And how they differ from civil rights) If the fires of freedom and civil liberties burn low in other lands, they must be made brighter in our own. If in other lands the press and books and literature of all kinds are censored, we must redouble our efforts here to keep them free. If in other lands the eternal truths of the past are threatened by intolerance, we must provide a safe place for their perpetuation. Franklin Delano Roosevelt, 1938 (Isaacs 66) Freedom of speechRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Scarlet O Hara896 Words   |  4 PagesEnglish Literature and Composition 1 January 2015 Literary Perceptions of Women Delicate, modest, well mannered, fragile, and gentle have been amongst the words used to depict the traditional, ideal woman for generations. Movies, television shows, and written literary works have continually painted the portrait of a nearly unattainable female image, and have established an atmosphere of subordination and distinction between the two genders. In even the most canonized literary works, women are oftenRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass1566 Words   |  7 Pagestime he escaped to freedom in the north. When Douglass wrote this book, slavery was still legal in a large portion of the United States. After Douglass’ escape to freedom and his continuation of his education, he became an abolitionist through his works of literature and speeches. In â€Å"The Blessings of Slavery†, by George Fitzhugh he states that southern slaves for the most part are the freest and happiest people in the world. He also goes on to say a number of other t hings that basically establishRead MoreThe First Half Of The 19th Century1497 Words   |  6 Pagesgroup that was very important and prominent in this area, they were called the transcendentalists. The transcendentalists were a group of writers and thinkers who were active in the 1830’s. This group is based out of New England. 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What is the Preparation and Stability of Calamine Suspension Free Essays

Introduction: Suspensions are solid dipersion of insoluble or sparingly-soluble drugs, in aqueous like keltrol or oily vehicles such as emulsion. Suspension are used for oral administration, external application to the skin (topical) or parenteral administration.These particles suspended into liquid medium do not dissolve but have dispersed in according to the particles size, and can settle to form to layer (drug layer/fluid medium) due to gravity(sedimentation). We will write a custom essay sample on What is the Preparation and Stability of Calamine Suspension? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Due to this reason Suspension agents are used to redistribute the suspension on shaking. In order for a drug to have impact the solid particles should not be greater than micrometers to aid in dispersion and absorption within the body and to avoid in creams a gritty effect.In this experiment we looked at calamine lotion suspension in which sodium citrate (preservative) and betonies are the suspension agents. (1,2) Method: 7.5g of calamine and 2,5g of zinc oxide was weighed and grinded in a pestle and mortar to a fine powder, 2.5ml of glycerin was added to this power mixture and grinded to a fine mixture which took roughly 2-5 minutes. The remaining residues of the glycerin within the cylinder were washed out with 6 5ml portions of water. This was transferred into a 50ml cylinder with the slurry from the mortar and made to bulk (50ml) with water. Clingfilm was used to wrap the top of the cylinder to prevent leaks while gently inverting the cylinder repeatedly until the product was homogenous. This was then placed on the bench and timer was started to record the volume of sediment and overall volume in ml. Results were tabulated. Discussion The results ands graph show that formula D sedimentation was the most rapid followed by formulae A It would have been expected that formula A would have the highest sedimentation rate due there not being any bentonite and sodium citrate present. Formula D is result is accurate this is due to errors. Comparing Formula B and I as both had 1.5g of one Flocculants in mixture, formula B which only contained bentonite, the sedimentation rate was slightly faster. Formula F which contained both, but bentonite is excess, this mixture had the slowest sedimentation rate A combination of the two flocculants shows to be the most effective Conclusion From the experiment we were able to achieve fairly good results, the results showed that bentonite and sodium citrate played a key role in the rate of sedimentation as it provided and maintained the viscosity of the suspension and the uniformity. Also we can also conclude that bentonite is also more effective that sodium citrate as a suspension agent. References: (1) http://pharmacy.wilkes.edu/kibbeweb/lab5.html date:14/03/11 (2) http://www.lumamericas.com/ date 14/03/11 How to cite What is the Preparation and Stability of Calamine Suspension?, Essay examples

Eggs free essay sample

Woods is a short poem about a young women growing up and how her relationship with her father and how her bitterness for him shaped her own relationship with her own child as she grew up and became a mother. The poem is dramatic and cleverly written in the voice of the woman herself. Her tone is serious and it is filled with antipathy. Diction is the foundation of this poem, and Susan Wood’s choice of words such as â€Å"hated† and â€Å"furious† emphasize the anger that brews within this young woman. Susan Wood’s uses the analogy of an egg to represent the fragile and somewhat hateful relationship between this father and daughter as well as her resentment of him. However, I believe that the young woman feels a bit guilty for hating her father: â€Å"And I hated my father, the one cock in the henhouse, who laid the plate on the table and made me eat, who told me not to get up until I was done, every bite. We will write a custom essay sample on Eggs or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And I hated how I gagged and cried, day after day†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (lines -6-13). She realizes the father works hard to put food on the table, and she should be grateful for that, but she just can’t let go of her the anger she carries within her â€Å"shell† for her father. She was angry that she was forced to eat the eggs that she didn’t like and if she didn’t eat them, she went to school hungry: â€Å"†¦I’d go off to school like that, again, hungry. † (lines 14-15). We soon realize that the young woman is carrying a secret of her own. She is pregnant, and is angry at herself and her unborn child: â€Å"I hated myself, hated the egg growing in secret deep inside my body, the secret about to be spilled to the world, and maybe I did. † (lines 19-22). We clearly see that when the young woman becomes a mother she finds herself treating her own child with the same anger and coldness that she received from her father.