Find Out How to Write an Essay Step-by-Step

Find Out How to Write an Essay Step-by-Step An essay is just another type of academic writing. When you are assigned this sort of work, you should mind its: Structure Sources to be used Size Format In this article, we’ll discuss an example of essay structure and some other important points each student has to consider when working on his topic. Every essay adds up to your final grade. It might weigh only 10% of the course, but this share will play an important role at the end of the semester: it may either reduce or increase your score. In addition, an essay is assigned to teach students how to write on the professional level. On the whole, the mission of any successful essay is to provide enough persuasive arguments to support the author’s thesis. The thesis statement is something that is introduced in the introduction in order to give the general idea of what you’ll be talking about. To begin with, it is necessary to get a good essay example from professional paper writing service. Then, you’ll see the structure, the way every quote is cited, how the sources are used, and proper English words to be used. Step-by-step Writing Guide Before you go, decide on your topic. To do so, a student has to choose only one idea out of many. Once you conduct research, write down all of your thoughts on the paper. Prepare a draft where you mention all possible topics. Take notes during your lectures to get ready. Remember: writing a perfect content is not enough. You also have to show how carefully you listened to your teacher or professor. You need to conduct research to explain why you consider your topic relevant and defend your point of view on the example. Mind that you’ll have to use both primary and secondary sources. As for primary sources, turn to: Textbooks Books Documentaries Academic journals Scientific magazines Articles Reviews As for the secondary sources, you can also obtain valuable information for your essay which would be based on polls, questionnaires, surveys, and other less objective issues. But people still love to hear about other points of view. Write abut each side of the coin. The third thing you will have to focus on is the essay structure. If you find it too difficult to accomplish, you may gain a cheap and reliable support at corresponding websites. Based on the sources and information you found, you need to come up with the main idea of your essay and write it down. The first section should be dedicated to the argument (a.k.a. thesis statement). This sentence will define what you’re going to talk about throughout the paper. However, you will still have to write your hypothesis to discuss whether your statement is likely to be true or false. You may add a couple of sub-arguments to highlight your proficiency. To give you an example, let’s recall one famous story. Let’s say that student’s claim sounds like Louise of Chopin’s â€Å"The Story of an Hour† was happy when she has first heard about her husband’s death. The sub-arguments may be reflected by her emotions and post-behavior described in the rest of Kate Chopin’s story. The next sections are the same as all books have. Once you build up a thesis for your essay (a thesis is a conclusion of the introduction’s argument), you should start the body. In the thesis, you might mention the results of your findings or the bridge to your conclusion paragraph. In the example we have provided above, a thesis sentence can sound like: â€Å"Louise was happy for obtaining freedom despite she did love her poor husband.† The essay’s body includes 3-5 paragraphs. They are all aiming high to reflect the truth of the thesis statement. The second paragraph must explain the assertions of the student’s arguments based on the collected sources. Every single body paragraph should possess the same structure. Otherwise, your readers will get confused. Every first sentence must start with one of the author’s main ideas. The supporting ideas grabbed from the chosen and studies sources should follow next. You should also provide detailed examples as the background for your thoughts. At last, the writer must highlight the rest of the existing views towards the chosen topics. He should not ignore the possible outcomes and alternatives. The conclusion is something different from the last phases stated in the essay’s introduction, meaning the thesis statement. Review every main point and basic evidence mentioned throughout the text. Write a summary of your essay. It has to occupy no more than 20% of the entire essay taking into account that the paper consists of 5 paragraphs only. Basic Rules of Essay Writing As you write a thesis in your introduction, turn to connective words to unite the first few sentences of your introduction with the upcoming paragraphs. Use such words as â€Å"because,† â€Å"due to,† â€Å"since † and other as a bridge between different parts of your academic paper. Use such phrases as â€Å"in my opinion† or â€Å"from the other side† whenever you state your opinion. Every time you use the thoughts of other authors refer to those sources. Your target audience has to realize that you are an expert who has read a lot of relevant materials. In any kind of essay, a number of examples have to be examined before putting down the entire text. The student has to realize the word count limits. The essay should not occupy more than 1-2 pages if we speak about high school. College and university students usually have a bit more space for imagination. American teachers don’t like too much reading. They prefer short and yet informative articles. They will hardly read an essay made of three or more pages from cover to cover. Whatever you’re writing about, try to express yourself. Share your thoughts even if they seem too objective. Please keep in mind that you have to review and revise the final draft each time you’re done. Writing an academic essay of any complexity level, even such as essay about love is a huge work. But every student has to remember that there is nothing impossible for professional academic writers! If you have some problems assigned writing tasks, you can always pay a fair price to get proper help from experts!

Value Line Publishing Background Info Essays - Economy, Business

Value Line Publishing Background Info Essays - Economy, Business Value Line Publishing Background Info Carrie Galeotafiore: analyst for Value Line Publishing. Value Line Publishing is an investment-survey firm. EIU (Economist Intelligence Unit) estimated 2001 U.S. retail building-supply industry at $175 bil. Split btwn 3 retail formats: hardware stores(15% of sales), lumberyards(34%), and larger-format home centers(51%). Industry was dominated by Home Depot and Lowes They had more than a third of total industry sales. Within the past 5 years, 1136 new stores. Future growth opportunities: acquisition/consolidation, professional market, international expansion, alternative retail formats, alternative products, and head-to-head competition. Acquisition/consolidation: 1999: Lowe's acquired a warehouse-format chain named Eagle Hardware which had 38 stores. $1.3 bil transaction. Home Depot has acquired Apex Supply, Georgia Lighting, N-E Thing Supply Company, and Your "Other" Warehouse. Professional Market Both chains want to attract professional clienteles more efficiently. To do so, they are stocking merchandise in larger quantities, giving employees higher training, as well as carrying professional brands. Home Depot created Home Depot Supply and the "Pro Stores" to reach out to the small-professional market. International expansion Home Depot acquired a Canadian home-improvement retailer Aikenhead in 1994 which developed an international presence. Also targeted the $12.5 bil home-improvement market in Mexico by acquiring Mexican chains TotalHOME and Del Norte. In 2002, Lowe's didn't have an international presence. Alternative retail formats Both chains have online stores that offer design and decorating tips. Alternative Products Both chains were expanding into installation services. Home Depot was currently at $3 bil for their at-home business Head-to-head comp Traditionally, Home Depot focused on metropolitan areas while Lowe's focused on rural areas. So Lowe's is expanding to metro areas. Home Depot's new CEO, Bob Nardelli, wants to focus on enhancing turnover and store efficiency through ongoing system investments. Issue: Home Depot had come under criticism for declining customer service. Solution: Nardelli wants to help employees focus on their customers while the store is open and only restock the shelves while they are closed. Home Depot expected rev growth to be 15% to 18% through 2004. Lowe's management claimed they would maintain their sales growth of 18% to 19%. Lowe's planned to open 123 stores in 2002, 130 in 2003, and 140 in 2004. Issue: Donald Trott, analyst at Jeffries, downgraded Lowe's based on a forecast of a deflating housing-market bubble and a view regarding a company's stock price was richly priced relative to Home Depot's. Solution: Galeotafiore countered that Lowe's had now shown that it could compete effectively with Home Depot. She expected there to be ongoing improvement in sales and gross margins.

Serving Customers in Global Markets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Serving Customers in Global Markets - Essay Example Laughter, fear, sadness, desire, and inspiration are just some of the many emotions TV induces in viewers. TV reaches millions of people worldwide, is affordable, and combines audio and visual power to create the ultimate advertising machine. Below is a screenshot of a TV advert: Website advertising uses the power of the internet to convey the intended messages to consumers. With increased internet penetration and the expansion of the â€Å"internet generation,’ website advertising is giving TV a run for its money (Aalberts & Nill, 2012:97). In fact, website advertising is currently the second-most powerful advertising media in the world, in terms of revenue and reach. Just like TV, when used correctly, website advertising can trigger different emotions in consumers and capture their attention (Barry, 2012:37). These facts make these two media the best options for discussion in this paper. Below is an image of a website advert: Understanding consumers’ psychology provides marketers and manufacturers with knowledge of consumer preferences and spending habits. The clichà © saying, ‘customer is king† rings true in this case (Proulx & Shepatin, 2012:58). Understanding consumers’ psychology supports selling products or services that are almost guaranteed to be successful. Studies have shown that marketing expenses, marketing risks and failure of products or services are reduced when consumer psychology is understood. The message the advertiser wishes to communicate in the TV advert is that the new song is exclusive, it is affordable, and it comes with other incentives that the viewer will not get elsewhere. In the website advert, Dolan Jewellers wants the consumer to know that they have a moving sale, there are special offers, and time is running out for those who have not bought anything yet. Research has shown that emotional and psychological messages resonate more with customers than feature and

Plastic Surgery Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Plastic Surgery Research - Essay Example procedures include making the breasts larger (augmentation mammoplasty) or smaller (reduction mammoplasty), removing pockets of fat from specific areas of the body (liposuction), reshaping the nose (rhinoplasty), and others. On the other hand, the purpose of reconstructive plastic surgery is to correct defects on the face or body such as birth defects like cleft lips and palates and ear deformities and traumatic injuries like those from dog bites and burns. Although the number of people choosing to have plastic surgery has increased in recent years, plastic surgery especially cosmetic surgery should be banned because it causes people to have unrealistic and unattainable expectations, it is risky, addictive, expensive and According to statistics released by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, 19.3 million plastic surgeries were performed in the United States in 2011 (Statistics - The American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery). Of this, cosmetic plastic surgery procedures accounted for 13.8 procedures while reconstructive plastic surgery procedures accounted for 5.5 million procedures. Both cosmetic and reconstructive plastic surgery procedures showed a 5 percent increase when compared to 2010. This information is pertinent as it reveals two interesting facts. The first is that plastic surgery procedures are spiraling at an alarming rate and the second interesting observation is that cosmetic plastic surgery procedures accounted for 71.5 percent of the total. As we all know, cosmetic plastic surgery is performed for aesthetic improvement only and not to treat physical ailments. Medicine’s social mandate is to improve health. Thus, cosmetic plastic surgery contradicts this mandate as it only improves people’s appearances but not their health. It is not necessary from a medical standpoint and no one will die without this procedure. Since it does not improve our health, cosmetic plastic surgery should be banned. Plastic surgery, as we know it today, has

Eisenstein and the Cinema of Montage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Eisenstein and the Cinema of Montage - Essay Example re vigorous productions which reverberate through film theory to this day. However, this is not simply a paper on the history of Soviet silent film-it s an investigation into the significant innovations from this epoch. Many talented men entered this field over a short span of years and produced works deserving of attention and note, including Vsevolod Pudovkin, Fridrikh, Grigorii Kozintsev, Abram Room and Leonid Trauberg. Yet it is the development of a distinct theory of montage that still reverberates, and this theme is most apparent in the work of Sergei Eisenstein, most notably in the 1925 film Battleship Potemkin. For the Eisenstein of the silent film era, montage ... n quite startling, juxtapositions of shots'.5 His writings stress the core significance of the idea, as 'we must fully recall the characteristics of cinema's effect that we stated initially and that establishing the montage approach as the essential, meaningful and sole possible language of cinema'. 6 In this method, 'The shot is by no means an element of montage. The shot is a montage cell'. 7 As the Statement on Sound, released jointly by the formalist filmmakers Eisenstein, Pudovkin and Alexandrov in 1928 clearly states, 'The success of Soviet pictures on world screens is to a significant extent the result of a number of those concepts of montage which they first revealed and asserted'.8 Although the concept of montage was a distinctly Soviet one, that does not mean it was alternative or on the fringe in that country. The leading directors of the era openly acknowledged the importance of the technique, and were pleased that it helped distinguish a Soviet school of cinema, to the p oint that these men issued joint statements to that effect. In terms of modern scholarship, a review of the Soviet montage method typically focuses on the contribution of Eisenstein, for his was the most brazen and distinct use of the method. He propagated this method not only in his work but in his numerous writings on films. The swift cutting and visual juxtapositions read in a very distinct way from contemporary, non-Soviet cinema. In 1927, his films were referred to as 'plotless cinema' by Adrian Piotrovsky, because they relied on 'exclusively cinematic means of expression'.9 The narrative is clearly secondary to the montage. For Eisenstein, 'montage is conflict. As the basis of every art is conflict'.10 Weaving distinct cells together creates more than what could simply

Escalating Costs of Social Health Insurance Essay Example for Free

Escalating Costs of Social Health Insurance Essay Unlike any other country in the world, the United States continually experience rising cost of healthcare provision. Wolfe (1999) reports that healthcare costs has been increasing at a high rate for decades, it is estimated that every 40 months, the share of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) spent on healthcare goes up by 1 percent. Health expenditure which stood at 12. 3 percent of GDP in 1990 increased to 16. 0 percent of GDP in 2006 and is projected to reach 20 percent in the next 7 years. Between 2005 and 2006 alone, healthcare spending increased by 6. 7 percent, exceeding nominal GDP growth by 0. 6 percent, to a whooping $2. 1 trillion, representing an estimated $7,000 spending per person (Kuttner 2008; Catlin et al 2008). Various factors including inflation, aging population and advances in medical technology has been indicted as been responsible for the global increase in health expenditures, however, the American situation appears to be peculiar. Kuttner (2008) contends that the proliferation of new technologies, poor diet, lack of exercise, the tendency for supply (physicians, hospitals, tests, pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and novel treatments) to generate demand and the culture of the American litigation, resulting in excessive malpractice litigations and the practice of defensive medicine, all adds together to ensure that the country experiences the largest and fastest growth in health expenditures, while at the same time, defeating efforts at cost containments. Like every other developed country, health insurance systems, especially social health insurance systems constitute the primarily methods of health financing (Carrin and James, 2004). This arrangement ensures that most of the cost of healthcare are paid by third parties, either through public establishments, as in social (public) health insurance systems, or by private bodies, as in private health insurance system, or in some cases, a mixture of both (Wolfe, 1999). The mixture of private and social health insurance is present in almost every country, with variations in their coverage. While in most European countries, social health insurance is deeply ingrained in societal fabric and provides the largest source of funding and insurance coverage (Saltman, 2004), the vast majority of Americans receive their health insurance coverage through employer based private insurance, with the rest of the country covered by any of the several public health insurance programs (Glover et al 2003). It is estimated that employer private health insurance covers approximately 63 percent of the population, with 51 percent of these amount covered by their own employers, while the remaining 41 percent are covered as a workers dependent; 14 percent are covered by public programs, 5 percent covered by individual insurance policies while an estimated 17 percent of the population are uncovered by any insurance (Devi, 2005). Medicare is largely regarded as the primary national (social) health insurance program in the United States, providing coverage for an estimated 44 million Americans over the age of 65. It is also estimated that Medicare provides health insurance coverage for about 7 million Americans under the age of 65 who have a disability or chronic condition (Fact Sheet, 2007). Social health insurance is a vital part of any countrys health care and health financing program, in some part of Europe, there is a general contention that social health insurance is not just an insurance arrangement, but a way of life, they are seen as a part of a social incomes policy that seek to redistribute wealth and health risk evenly amongst the population, however, the rising costs of these systems, not just in the United States but across the modern world, threatens the system. Before an analysis of the costs and factors driving costs of social health insurance systems, especially in America and in other European countries, it is important to first briefly describe the underlying principles of the social health insurance system and its difference from the private health insurance programs. This will be followed by a description of the United States Medicare program and some social health insurance programs in selected European countries and then a look at the costs of these programs. Steps taken towards cutting costs of the social insurance programs and the differences in cost cutting approaches between the United States and European Union countries will be examined. Lastly, future approaches that could help ameliorate the financial challenges facing the United States public insurance programs shall be recommended. Social Health Insurance Social health insurance, in its basic principle, in any society achieves a set of societal objectives through its peculiar form of financial cross subsidies, which covers redistribution from the healthy to the ill, from the well off to the less well off, from the young to the old and from the individual to the family. This redistributive focus of any social health insurance program distinguishes it from what is nominally regarded as insurance, thus, in several societies, it entrenches solidarity, income redistribution and is thus seen as a key part of a broader structure of social security and income support that sits at the heart of civil society (Saltman, 2004:5) Saltman and Dubois (2004) contend that although Germany is considered the source of the modern day form of social health insurance, when it codified existing voluntary structures into compulsory state supervised legislation in 1883, the history of social health insurance (SHI) dates back longer to the medieval guilds in the late Middle Ages. However, they agreed that the structure and organization of SHI over time has considerably evolved; the number of people covered has increased from a small number of workers in particular trades to a larger portion of the population, the central concept SHI has evolved from wage replacement a death benefit into payment for and or provision of outpatient physician services, inpatient hospital care and drugs; thirdly, the administrative structure of SHI has also evolved from cooperative workers association to state mandated legislative character, beginning with Germany in 1883 and the most recent, 1996 in Switzerland. Structurally, social health insurance everywhere possesses three common characteristics. Social health insurance programs are administered privately in both funding and in the provision of health services; as a result of their private administration, social health programs are self regulating, and lastly, as a consequence of their independence and self regulation, social health insurance programs are relatively stable, both in organizational and financial terms (Saltman, 2004). As a fall out of these structural characteristics, social health insurance posses several core components that differentiate them from private health insurance programs. Under SHI, the raising of funds is tied to income of beneficiaries, usually in the form of a transparent and fixed percentage of wages. As a result, contributions are risk independent and thus encourage maximal risk pooling. Also, collection and administration of revenues for the program are handled by not-for-profit and sometimes, state run funds and these funds are usually managed by board members that are usually representative and elected. The United States Medicare program posses most or all of the characteristics of a social health insurance program. For over 40 years, the program has successfully provided healthcare access for the elderly and millions of people with disability. It is regarded as the nations single largest health insurance program and it covers a wide range of the society for a broad range of health services. For example, Potetz (2008) report that one out of ever five dollars spent on healthcare in 2006 came through the Medicare program. The program is also reported to fund, at least, one third of all hospital stays, nationally. In most European countries too, national, public (social) health insurance programs reportedly covers a large proportion of the population, in most cases, reaching up to 100 percent coverage. Saltman and others (2004) reports that in Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Switzerland and from 1995, Israel, all have health insurance systems where (public) social health programs plays predominant roles in organization and funding of health care services, where between 60 to 100 percent of the population are mandatorily covered. They further argue that even countries like Finland, Sweden and the United Kingdom, Greece and Portugal that have a tax funded National Health Service schemes, segments of SHI based healthcare funding also exists. Explaining the difference between social health insurance programs and private health insurance, Thomson and Mossialos (2004) contend that private health insurance play very insignificant role in the health systems of several European countries, either in terms of funding or access to healthcare. Unlike in the United States where more than 60 percent of the population are covered by private employer based insurance, private health insurance programs covers a relatively small proportion of the population and accounts for less than 5 percent of the total health spending, with the exception of France, Germany and the Netherlands. The most common difference between social and private health insurance includes eligibility, risk pooling and benefits. For social health insurance programs, contributions are mostly based on a fixed or varying proportion of wages, without regard for risks, thus a wider proportion of the people are eligible and benefits i. e. health services offered are broader with less out of pocket costs (Thomson and Mossialos, 2004; Saltman 2004). For private health insurance, the reverse is the case in most situations. Especially in for-profit private health insurance systems, contributions are adjusted according to risks and for the most part high risks individuals are rejected or expected to pay higher premiums. Consequently, eligibility requirements are strict; out of pocket expenses might be higher, while services provided vary significantly across programs, depending on an array of factors. Depending on the generally functions and services offered by private health insurance, the relation to social health insurance can be substitutive, complementary or supplementary. Substitutive private health insurance programs provides insurance covers that is otherwise available from the public programs purchased by individuals or groups who are excluded from the SHI. The larger proportion of the US society is excluded from the public insurance programs, which are usually available to the elderly, the disabled or the very poor, the rest of the population must rely on private employer based insurance. However, in European countries with effective SHI, only certain individuals with income above a certain upper threshold are excluded from the public insurance program e. g. in Netherlands and Germany, while the rest of the population are eligible. Complementary private health insurance programs provide cover for services not fully covered by the SHI programs or totally excluded, the Medicare + Choice plans is an example of such covers. Lastly, supplementary private health insurance provides cover for faster access and also increased consumer choices for individuals who can afford it (Thomson and Mossialos, 2004). Eligibility and Coverage  The United States Medicare program is essentially for the elderly, thus, individuals are eligible for Medicare coverage if they are citizens of the United States or have been a permanent legal resident for five continues years and over 65 years old. Individuals younger than 65 years of age can also be eligible for Medicare coverage if they are disabled and have been on the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) or the Railroad Retirement Board benefits for a period of two years. Further, individuals with end state renal disease (ESRD) or Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) known as Lou Gehrig’s disease also qualifies for Medicare coverage. However, many people with disability do not qualify for SSDI benefits and by extension, Medicare. To qualify for these benefits, disabled individuals must have a family member under age 65 who have a work history which included Federal Income Contribution Act tax (FICA), an individual may also qualifies for SSDI on the FICA contributions of a parent as a Childhood Disability Beneficiary (CDB) or as a disabled spouse of a deceased spouse. Whichever qualification route applicable, an individual qualifies for Medicare two years after he/she starts receiving the SSDI benefits, except for the Lou Gehrig’s disease where Medicare benefits starts in the first month SSDI payments are received or in the case of the ESRD where Medicare benefits starts within three months of the first dialysis (Fact Sheet, 2007). As of 2007, it is estimated that Medicare provides cover and health services to about 43 million Americans. This figure is expected to double to 77 million by 2031 when the baby boomers of the post World War II period start to retire. However, as mentioned previously, SHI in European countries offer universal coverage that is mandatory in some countries. Coverage for these countries varies from 63 percent in Netherlands to 100 percent coverage in France, Israel and Switzerland. In most of these countries, it is usually the highest income groups that are either allowed or required by law to leave the social health programs for private health insurance (Saltman, 2004:7). Benefits Benefits for Medicare members have continually been modified. The original program has two parts, Medicare Part A and part B. The Part A program known as Hospital Insurance, covers hospital stays with stays in skilled nursing facilities for limited periods if certain qualifying criteria are met. Such criteria include the length of hospital stay, which most be three days, at least, excluding the discharge day and stay in skilled nursing facility must be for conditions diagnosed during the hospitalization. Medicare Part A allows up to a maximum of 100day stay in skilled nursing facilities, with the first 20 days completely paid for by Medicare and the remaining 80days paid in part and requiring a co-payment from the beneficiary. The Medicare Part B covers services and products not covered by Part A, but on an outpatient basis. The benefits under this coverage includes physician and nursing services, laboratory diagnostic tests, influenza and pneumonia vaccinations x-rays and blood transfusions. Other services include renal dialysis, outpatient hospital procedures, Immunosuppressive drugs for organ transplant recipients, chemotherapy, limited ambulance transportation and other outpatient medical treatments carried out in a physicians office. This coverage, to some extent, also includes medical equipments like walkers, wheelchairs and mobility scooters for individuals with mobility problems, while prosthetic devices, such as breast prosthesis after mastectomy or eye glasses after cataract surgery are also covered. The recently added Part C and D of the Medicare benefits slightly deviate from the original Medicare concept. After the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 came into effect, Medicare beneficiaries were allowed the option of receiving their Medicare benefits through private health insurance plans if they do not want to go through the original Medicare plans. These became known as Medicare + Choice as beneficiaries could choose any private health insurance plans and have it paid for by Medicare. The Medicare + Choice or Part C arrangement later became known as the Medicare Advantage Plan after the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 came into effect. The Part D plan, on the other hand, covers mainly prescription drugs and anyone in the original Plan A or B is eligible for this plan. However, in other to receive the benefits of the Plan D, a beneficiary must enroll and be approved for a Stand-alone Prescription Drug Plan (PDP) or Medicare Advantage plan with prescription drug coverage (MA-PD). However, because Plan D is effectively operated by private health insurance companies, there are no standardized benefits, like the plan A and B; the private insurance companies could choose to cover some drugs or classes of drugs and not cover others, with the exception of drugs excluded from Medicare coverage. Beneficiaries are therefore restricted to the drugs coverage of the plans they choose (Merlis, 2008; Potetz, 2008). Contributions towards Social Health Insurance Medicare financing, like social health insurance everywhere, is financed through a complex mix of taxes, contributions, co-payments and the likes. The most important source of financing for the Medicare expenditures is through the payroll tax imposed by the Federal Insurance Contributions Act and the Self-Employment Contributions Act of 1954, while other sources of financing includes general revenue through income taxes, a tax on Social Security benefits, and payments from states required for the Medicare drug benefits which started in 2006. In addition to these, beneficiaries also contribute directly to Medicare financing through premiums, deductibles and co-insurance. It is reported that income cases, physician do charge beneficiaries an additional out-of -pocket balance billing to cover for services rendered (Potetz, 2008). The federal payroll taxes are paid by the working population or by the beneficiaries throughout their work history. The tax equals 2. 9 percent of gross wages, with half (1. 45 percent) deducted from the workers salary and the other half paid by the employer. Initially, there was a ceiling on the maximum amount any single person can contribute; however, beginning from 1994, the maximum limit was removed. Self employed people who do not have an employer to cover the other half of their taxes are mandated by law to pay the full 2. 9 percent of their estimated earnings. However, the contributions from the beneficiaries vary considerably depending on the plan and also range from premiums, deductibles, co-payments or in some cases, the balance billing mentioned previously.

Organisational Structure of Red Rooster

Organisational Structure of Red Rooster Red Rooster is owned Australia chicken brand. Red Rooster (n.d.) stated that it has over 360 stores and 5000 employees and well established franchise support network so Red Rooster is great successful fast food Franchise Company Australia owned brand. Red Rooster support each restaurant franchises such as operation system, commercial and promotion of brand and it designed to take minimise risk and maximise potential. Australian Fast Foods possessed Red Rooster until 2007 but Anne (2007) stated that Quick Service Restaurant Holdings (QSR) has bought Australian Fast Food (AFF) what was the owner of Red Rooster through. Since 2007, QSR is owner under name of fast food restaurants Red Rooster, Chicken Treat and Oporto. Is it a corporation, listed company, private company, franchise, national, international Describe ownership structure (who owns the company) 1.2 Organizational Structure (120 words) Red Roosters Head office is located on Western Australia and Northern Territory State and the owner is QSR but Quadrant Private Equity (2007) said that Quadrant which is the venture arm of the Westpac supported $180 million to Quick Service Restaurants Pty Limited has achieve Red Rooster and Quadrant majority own QSR. Red Rooster built up the own web page for marketing of their products and brand and the company is using the news media such as the internet, newspapers, radio, TV and Magazines for sending their message to all location of Australia. Moreover, Red Rooster has been developed in collaboration with Australian Association of National Advertiser (AANA) which company has promoted and protected the interests of advertiser community for enhancing their quality of commercial communication and made relationship with entertainment brands such as DreamWorks, Wanner Brothers and Hasbro for promotion of products to children and their parents (Red Rooster, n.d.). Chief Executive Office on QSR is Mark Lindsay Chief Executive Office on Quadrant is Chris Hadley Contact person is Gary Glen Where is HQ Other organizations owned, or associated with them Who is the CEO: spokesperson or contact person? (Be specific this does not require an internal management structure) what are the cc communication lines Industry Activities (120 words) Red rooster is leading fast food service in Australia. They try to provide their products as possible as quickly with high quality, value of service and hygiene which means that provide services and foods to customer with high satisfaction and keep innovation of their product that focuses on consumer and their life style. Therefore, the aiming is exceeding customer expectations. Seliske, Pickett, Boyce and Janssen (2008) indicated that Food retailers were categorized as full service restaurants, fast food restaurants, sandwich shops, coffee shops and grocery stores. It shows that fast food restaurant is categorized on retailer so Red Rooster is including on retail industry. Purpose of retail is sales of goods or products directly to purchasers in fixed location where they are organized. What do they do What industry Wholesale, retail, manufacturer, importer or combination. 1.4 Theory Stakeholder (300 words) The important of managing the business activities should understand the directions of influence which managers operate business activities successfully and achieve the organizations objectives effectively and the direction of influence are incorporated in stakeholder which is that Freeman (1984) any group or individual who can affect or support by achievement of the organizations objectives. Robert (2003) said that business organizations are among the most powerful social entities on the earth. Therefore, the organization should manage and identify stakeholders interest, needs and point of view (Friedman and miles, 2006). It shows that the purpose of business activities should consider of maximization stakeholders interesting and their fairness. Mutual relationship with stakeholders is a crucial for all of organizations which means that building and maintaining friendly relationships with stakeholders is vital component for achievement of companys objectives or goals. First of all, t he most important action is that the company should indentify who are our stakeholders because in the business world, different stakeholders including employers, government, financiers and customers exist and quietly concern with companys business and different stakeholders have different interests for the company so the company is treated differently. Stakeholder theory is helping to this task. This is because Friedman and Miles (2001) has opinion that stakeholder theory or approach has helped to identify and pursuit stakeholder responses to changes in corporate strategy. Moreover, theory of stakeholder suggests the way how managers formulate and implement processes which satisfy all who have a stake in the business (Freeman, 1984). Second important action is making friendship with stakeholders. Mutual relationship with stakeholders is a crucial for achievement of the companys objectives. On the other hand, it has given guarantees the long term success of business activities. Argad ona (1998) stated that Stakeholder theory is concerned about activity management of relationships and the promotion of shared interest in order to develop business strategies. It shows that stakeholder theory is helpful that the company achieve the business goal effectively and efficiently. Freeman (1984) Stakeholder theory It focuses that the organisation should consider stakeholder interests when they make business strategic Bruning Ledingham (2000) Relationship management approach This approach function builds and maintains organisations relationship with stakeholders (Bruning and Ledingham, 2000) Compatible Type A: Defensive Quadrant Private Equity Top management Type B: Opportunism Investors of Quadrant Private Equity (can check at http://www.quadrantpe.com.au/Investors who is their investors. Westpac Bank Trade association (Advertising Federation of Australia, Australian Barramundi Farmers Association, Australian Chicken Meat Federation, Dietitians Association of Australia) Educationalists Incompatible Type D: compromise Low level employees Government Customers Creditors Labour unions Suppliers: under Finesse Food Pty Ltd Kailis Organic Grove Barramundi Retailer in Thailand Beverage companies such as Coca-cola, Nestle, need more Type C: Elimination Criminal members of the public Animal Welfare NGOs Type A is necessary compatible relationship which all of these have strong connection with Red Rooster. Therefore, the company should protect relationship with them as a strategy Type B is contingent compatible institutional arrangements. Between Red Rooster and group in type B have the same interests. However, Red Rooster has no direct relationship with type B group members. An opportunistic strategy is the logical strategy. Type C is contingent incompatible institutional arrangements. Red Rooster has separated unconnected and opposed the interests with type D group members. It becomes a problem when one of two parties insists on its position. The strategy should depend the company own interest to seek elimination. Type D is necessary incompatible relations. It occurs when material interests are necessarily related to each other but their operations will lead to the relationship itself being threatened. The situation logic is concession and compromise Customer, employees, local communities, suppliers and distributors, shareholders, business partners, Government Who would be the stakeholders? Plenty of stakeholders Corporate Identity 1.6 Theory Corporate Identity A corporate identity is expressing the companys reality such as character and personality as conveyed through the organisations name, logo, motto, products, services, buildings, stationary, uniform and all of physical materials to create by the organisation and communicate to a variety of constituencies (Argenti, 2009). Identity would be more relation with organisational behaviour and psychology rather than marketing. Strong identity can help the organisation align with the marketplace, attract investment, motivate employees and serves as a means to differentiate their product and services (Melewar and Karaosmannoglu, 2006). It shows that identity is an effective strategic way to gain competitive advantages. However, development corporate identity is difficult. Bridge (2004) stated that a corporate identity is not simply the creation of a logo and some communication material and needs to keep care of it to ensure that it says relevant to the organisation. Furthermore, corporate ident ity is associated with wide range of components (see the figure ). It means that the organisation should consider various components which are related with corporate identity. Corporate culture Corporate culture and corporate identity are certainly connected and it is very difficult to separate the two (Melewar and Karaosmanoglu, 2006) because corporate culture help to develop the organisation identity and it is also generated the identity of organisation. Corporate communication Corporate design Corporate structure Corporate strategy Behaviour Control behaviour: employees behaviour is significantly effects on corporate identity. It means that it is the company characteristic and In this section you give a definition and discussion of corporate identity theory (and cite the sources). If you read enough you can describe and introduce different components of what constitutes corporate identify. You may find some variations in the different theories on this theme and it is proper that you comment and cite them. Make sure that you identify the main features from theory (300 words) 1.7 Company identity, activities and tools Red Rooster is usually located the services are usually for people who do not have enough time or short time to eat their foods. It is offering as low prices, limited menu and fast service What do they do and where do they do it city centres, shopping centres, main roads, specialist precincts, industrial vehicle insignias Discuss those company communication activities which are specifically focusing on communicating its identity. Some of these may include slogans, buildings, layout, etc. give examples to illustrate (250 words) Are there differences in use of logo / slogans You may put a company logo or similar in this section Figure 1, Company logo ~ its gotta be red